13. Electromagnetism

This chapter explains how quantum mechanics deals with electro­magnetic effects.

Some more advanced topics will be left to introductory addenda. That includes how the solution for the hydrogen atom may be corrected for relativistic effects, {A.38}, using perturb­ation theory, {A.37}. It also includes the quant­ization of the electro­magnetic field, {A.23}, using quantum field theory, {A.15}.

Electro­magnetics is closely tied to more advanced concepts in angular momentum and relativity. These have been discussed in chapters 1 and 12.